汉代“天人合一”的宇宙观——博局镜

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博局镜（东汉）

东汉博局镜上装饰有鸟兽的纹样，除此之外我们还能够看到它与其他铜镜纹样不同之处在于，上面出现了类似英文字母T、L、V的字样。再加上图案的整体布局，它与古代的六博棋局图像十分类似。博在古代是一种棋艺游戏，博局就是这种棋艺游戏的棋盘，这也是博局镜名称的由来。博局镜是汉代流行时间最长的铜镜种类之一。一般都用青龙、白虎、朱雀、玄武四兽做图案装饰，并搭配有锯齿纹、卷云纹或卷草纹等，整体装饰充实而有序，线条流畅优美，铸造精致。

有研究认为博局镜图像布局代表着汉代人的宇宙观。六博棋局本身就与汉代占卜、计算历时的工具（栻盘）相似，而且我们看到内部方框与铜镜造型形成“天圆地方”的观念。除了博局图案以外，还掺入了青龙、白虎、朱雀、玄武“四神”代表四向，有些铜镜中还有“十二地支”代表时间。所以说博局镜是汉代“天人合一”观念在图像上的具体表现。

TVL bronze mirror

Mirror of the Eastern Han Bureau. The above is decorated with the pattern of birds and beasts. In addition, we can see that it is different from other copper mirror patterns in that the words similar to the English letters T, L, V appear on it. Together with the overall layout of the pattern, it is very similar to the image of the ancient six-game board. In ancient times, Bo was a chess game. The blog is the chessboard of this chess game. This is also the origin of the name of the blog. The Boss mirror is one of the longest popular bronze mirror types in the Han Dynasty. Generally, the dragon, white tiger, rosefinches, and Xuanwu four beasts are used for pattern decoration, and they are matched with zigzag, cirrus or grass. The whole decoration is full and orderly, the lines are smooth and beautiful, and the casting is exquisite.

Some studies have suggested that the mirror image layout of the TVL represents the cosmology of the Han Dynasty. The Liubo chess game itself is similar to the tools used in the Han Dynasty to divination and computing diachronism, and we see the concept of internal squares and bronze mirrors forming a “round place”. In addition to the blog layout, it also incorporates dragon, white tiger, rosefinches bied, Xuanwu “four gods” to represent the four directions, and some bronze mirrors also have “twelve land branches” to represent time. Therefore, the TVL Mirror is a concrete expression of the concept of "Heaven and Man" in the Han Dynasty.

铜镜局部（“尚方”二字）

铜镜局部（镜钮）

铜镜局部（玄武图像）

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