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伊利诺州

伊利诺州(伊利诺斯州)

伊利诺州

伊利诺斯州一般指本词条

伊利诺州(Illinois)位于美国中西部,北接威斯康星州,东北濒密西根湖,东界印第安纳州,东南邻肯塔基州,西隔密西西比河与密苏里州和爱荷华州相望。面积14.6万平方公里,首府斯普林菲尔德(Springfield)。

该州别名“内陆帝国” (The Inland Empire)或“草原之州” (The Prairie State)。州花是紫罗兰(Native Violet)。州鸟是北美红雀(Cardinal)。州树是白橡(White Oak)。

基本介绍

  • 中文名称:伊利诺州
  • 外文名称:Illinois
  • 别名:“林肯之地”、草原之州
  • 行政区类别:联邦州
  • 所属地区:美国
  • 政府驻地:斯普林菲尔德
  • 地理位置:36°58'N  42°30'N 87°30'W
  • 面积:149,998
  • 人口:1242万人(2000年)
  • 机场:芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场
  • 建立时间:1809年2月3日
  • 邮编区码:IL
  • 特产:玉米,大豆,生猪,牛,奶,小麦
  • 知名产业:煤、石油、铅、锌、石灰石玻璃砂
  • 州长:派屈克·奎因

历史沿革

以印第安人伊利诺伊部落之名命名。1673年,法国探险家路易·若利埃和雅克·马凯特首先探测了密西西比河和伊利诺伊河。1763年,英国取得密西西比河以东地区的统治权。1784年划归美国。1809年2月3日,伊利诺伊领地成立。1818年,伊利诺成为美国第21州。因1834年林肯当选为州议员开始其政治生涯,该州也被称为“林肯之地”。
伊利诺州伊利诺州

行政区划

首府是位于伊州中部的春田市,是伊州的政治中心。芝加哥是伊州最大城市,为仅次于纽约和洛杉矶的美国第三大城市。芝加哥及周围6县构成大芝加哥地区。
州徽州徽
重要城市:芝加哥、埃文斯顿、埃尔金、奥克朗、乔利矣特、奥罗拉、沃其根、罗克福德、迪卡尔布、罗克艾兰、盖尔斯堡、皮奥里亚、诺黙尔、厄巴纳-香槟、丹维尓、特雷霍持,印第安纳州、斯普林菲尔德州府、布卢明顿、迪凯持、奥尔顿、东圣路易斯、森特勒利亚、卡本代尔、帕度卡,肯塔基州。
CountyFIPS codeCounty seatEstablishedOriginEtymologyPopulationAreaMap
Adams County
001
Quincy
1825
Pike County
John Quincy Adams(1767–1848), sixthPresident of the United States
67,103
857sqmi
(2,220km)
Alexander County
003
Cairo
1819
Union County
William M. Alexander, a settler and state representative in theIllinois General Assembly
8,238
236sqmi
(611km)
Bond County
005
Greenville
1817
Crawford County, Edwards County, and Madison County
Shadrach Bond(1773–1832), FirstGovernor of Illinois
17,768
380sqmi
(984km)
Boone County
007
Belvidere
1837
Winnebago County
Daniel Boone(1734-1820), trailblazer of theWilderness Roadin Kentucky
54,165
281sqmi
(728km)
Brown County
009
Mount Sterling
1839
Schuyler County
Jacob Brown(1775–1828), a successfulAmerican Revolutionarmy officer responsible for Great Lakes defenses
6,937
306sqmi
(793km)
Bureau County
011
Princeton
1837
Putnam County
Pierre de Bureo, Frenchman,North American fur trader
34,978
869sqmi
(2,251km)
Calhoun County
013
Hardin
1825
Pike County
John C. Calhoun(1782–1850),South Carolinasenator and seventhVice President of the United States
5,089
254sqmi
(658km)
Carroll County
015
Mount Carroll
1839
Jo Daviess
Charles Carroll of Carrollton(1737–1832), signed theDeclaration of Independenceon behalf ofMaryland
15,387
444sqmi
(1,150km)
Cass County
017
Virginia
1837
Morgan County
Lewis Cass(1782–1866), second governor ofMichigan Territory, fourteenthUnited States Secretary of War
13,642
376sqmi
(974km)
Champaign County
019
Urbana
1833
Vermilion County
Champaign County, Ohio, which took its name from theFrenchfor "open level country"
201,081
997sqmi
(2,582km)
Christian County
021
Taylorville
1839
Sangamon County
Christian County, Kentucky, which was itself named afterColonel William Christian
34,800
709sqmi
(1,836km)
Clark County
023
Marshall
1819
Crawford County
George Rogers Clark(1752–1818), highest-ranking officer in theNorthwest Territoryduring theAmerican Revolution
16,335
502sqmi
(1,300km)
Clay County
025
Louisville
1824
Wayne, Lawrence, Fayette, and Crawford County
Henry Clay(1777–1852), Kentucky legislator who negotiated theMissouri Compromise
13,815
469sqmi
(1,215km)
Clinton County
027
Carlyle
1824
Washington, Bond, and Fayette County
DeWitt Clinton(1769–1828),Governor of New York, responsible for the construction of theErie Canal
37,762
474sqmi
(1,228km)
Coles County
029
Charleston
1830
Clark and Edgar County
Edward Coles(1786–1868), secondGovernor of Illinois, responsible for the abolition of slavery in Illinois
53,873
508sqmi
(1,316km)
Cook County
031
Chicago
1831
Putnam County
Daniel Pope Cook(1794–1827), politician and firstAttorney General of Illinois
5,194,675
946sqmi
(2,450km)
Crawford County
033
Robinson
1816
Edwards County
William H. Crawford(1772–1834), ninthUnited States Secretary of War, seventhSecretary of the Treasury
19,817
444sqmi
(1,150km)
Cumberland County
035
Toledo
1843
Coles County
Disputed:Cumberland Road, which entered the county;Cumberland, Maryland; orCumberland Riverin Kentucky
11,048
346sqmi
(896km)
DeKalb County
037
Sycamore
1837
Kane County
Johann de Kalb(1721–80), German soldier in theContinental Armywho fought alongsideGilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette
105,160
634sqmi
(1,642km)
DeWitt County
039
Clinton
1839
Macon and McLean County
DeWitt Clinton(1769–1828),Governor of New York, responsible for the construction of theErie Canal
16,561
398sqmi
(1,031km)
Douglas County
041
Tuscola
1859
Coles County
Stephen A. Douglas(1813–61), prominent Illinois Democrat whoengaged in debateswithAbraham Lincoln
19,980
417sqmi
(1,080km)
DuPage County
043
Wheaton
1839
Cook County
DuPage River
916,924
334sqmi
(865km)
Edgar County
045
Paris
1823
Clark County
John Edgar(c. 1750–1832), Illinois delegate to theNorthwest Territorylegislature; at time, wealthiest man in Illinois
18,576
624sqmi
(1,616km)
Edwards County
047
Albion
1814
Gallatin County and Madison County
Ninian Edwards(1775–1833), thirdGovernor of the State of Illinoisand only governor of theIllinois Territory
6,721
222sqmi
(575km)
Effingham County
049
Effingham
1831
Fayette and Crawford County
Lord Thomas Effingham, military officer who resigned from theBritish Armyto avoid fighting the American colonies
34,242
479sqmi
(1,241km)
Fayette County
051
Vandalia
1821
Bond, Wayne, Clark, Jefferson, and Crawford County
Marquis de la Fayette(1757–1834), French military officer who was a key factor in theAmericanandFrench Revolutions.
22,140
716sqmi
(1,854km)
Ford County
053
Paxton
1859
Vermilion County
Thomas Ford(1800–50), eighthGovernor of Illinois; served during theIllinois Mormon War
14,081
486sqmi
(1,259km)
Franklin County
055
Benton
1818
White County and Gallatin County
Benjamin Franklin(1706–90), prolific writer, inventor, and politician; key factor in theAmerican Revolution
39,561
412sqmi
(1,067km)
Fulton County
057
Lewistown
1823
Pike County
Robert Fulton(1765–1815), inventor of thesteamboat
37,069
866sqmi
(2,243km)
Gallatin County
059
Shawneetown
1812
Randolph County
Albert Gallatin(1761–1849), fourth and longest-servingUnited States Secretary of the Treasury
5,589
324sqmi
(839km)
Greene County
061
Carrollton
1821
Madison County
Nathanael Greene(1742–86), major general in theContinental Army
13,886
543sqmi
(1,406km)
Grundy County
063
Morris
1841
LaSalle County
Felix Grundy(1777–1840),Tennesseansenator that served as the thirteenthUnited States Attorney General
50,063
420sqmi
(1,088km)
Hamilton County
065
McLeansboro
1821
White County
Alexander Hamilton(1755–1804), firstUnited States Secretary of the Treasury
8,457
435sqmi
(1,127km)
Hancock County
067
Carthage
1825
Adams County
John Hancock(1737–93), first governor of theMassachusetts colonyand president of theSecond Continental Congress
19,104
795sqmi
(2,059km)
Hardin County
069
Elizabethtown
1839
Pope County
Hardin County, Kentucky, which was itself named afterJohn Hardin
4,320
178sqmi
(461km)
Henderson County
071
Oquawka
1841
Warren County
Henderson County, Kentucky, which was itself named afterRichard Henderson
7,331
379sqmi
(982km)
Henry County
073
Cambridge
1825
Fulton County
Patrick Henry(1736-99),American Revolutionary Warfigure and first and sixthGovernor of Virginia
50,486
823sqmi
(2,132km)
Iroquois County
075
Watseka
1833
Vermilion County
IroquoisNative Americans
29,718
1,116sqmi
(2,890km)
Jackson County
077
Murphysboro
1816
Randolph County and Johnson County
Andrew Jackson(1767-1845), seventhPresident of the United States, United States Senator fromTennessee, and general in theWar of 1812
60,218
588sqmi
(1,523km)
Jasper County
079
Newton
1831
Clay and Crawford County
Sgt.William Jasper(c. 1750-79),American Revolutionary Warsoldier popularized byParson Weems
9,698
494sqmi
(1,279km)
Jefferson County
081
Mount Vernon
1819
Edwards and White County
Thomas Jefferson(1743-1826), thirdPresident of the United States, secondVice President of the United States,Governor of Virginia, and one of the foremostFounding Fathers of the United States
38,827
571sqmi
(1,479km)
Jersey County
083
Jerseyville
1839
Greene County
State ofNew Jersey, from which many early settlers hailed
22,985
369sqmi
(956km)
Jo Daviess County
085
Galena
1827
Henry, Mercer, and Putnam County
Joseph Hamilton Daveiss(1774-1811), commander of the Indiana Dragoons at theBattle of Tippecanoe
22,678
601sqmi
(1,557km)
Johnson County
087
Vienna
1812
Randolph County
Richard Mentor Johnson(abt. 1780-1850), ninthVice President of the United Statesand United States Senator formKentucky
12,582
346sqmi
(896km)
Kane County
089
Geneva
1836
LaSalle County
Elias Kane(1794-1835), United States Senator fromIllinois
515,269
521sqmi
(1,349km)
Kankakee County
091
Kankakee
1853
Iroquois and Will County
Kankakee River
113,449
678sqmi
(1,756km)
Kendall County
093
Yorkville
1841
LaSalle and Kane County
Amos Kendall(1789-1869),United States Postmaster Generalunder PresidentsAndrew JacksonandMartin Van Buren
114,736
321sqmi
(831km)
Knox County
095
Galesburg
1825
Fulton County
Gen.Henry Knox(1750-1806),American Revolutionary Wargeneral and firstUnited States Secretary of War
52,919
716sqmi
(1,854km)
Lake County
097
Waukegan
1839
McHenry County
Lake Michigan
703,462
448sqmi
(1,160km)
LaSalle County
099
Ottawa
1831
Putnam and Tazewell County
Sieur de la Salle(1643-87), French explorer of theGreat Lakes.
113,924
1,135sqmi
(2,940km)
Lawrence County
101
Lawrenceville
1821
Crawford and Edwards County
Capt.James Lawrence(1781-1813), commander of theUSSChesapeakein theWar of 1812. Famous for his command "Don't give up the ship!"
16,833
372sqmi
(963km)
Lee County
103
Dixon
1839
Ogle County
"Light Horse"Henry Lee III(1756-1818),American Revolutionary Warofficer and ninthGovernor of Virginia
36,031
725sqmi
(1,878km)
Livingston County
105
Pontiac
1837
LaSalle and McLean County
Edward Livingston(1764-1836), prominent jurist, Congressman fromNew YorkandLouisiana, andU.S. Secretary of Statefrom 1831-33.
38,950
1,044sqmi
(2,704km)
Logan County
107
Lincoln
1839
Sangamon County
John Logan, a country doctor and early settler, and the father ofJohn A. Logan.
30,305
618sqmi
(1,601km)
Macon County
115
Decatur
1829
Shelby County
Nathaniel Macon(1758-1837), sixthSpeaker of the United States House of RepresentativesandUnited States SenatorfromNorth Carolina.
110,768
581sqmi
(1,505km)
Macoupin County
117
Carlinville
1829
Greene County
Native American wordMacoupin, meaningAmerican lotus
47,765
864sqmi
(2,238km)
Madison County
119
Edwardsville
1812
St. Clair County and Randolph County
James Madison(1751-1836), fourthPresident of the United Statesand principal author of theConstitution of the United States.
269,282
725sqmi
(1,878km)
Marion County
121
Salem
1823
Fayette and Jefferson County
Francis Marion(c. 1732-95), general in theAmerican Revolutionary Warknown as "The Swamp Fox"
39,437
572sqmi
(1,481km)
Marshall County
123
Lacon
1839
Putnam County
John Marshall (1755-1835), fourth and longest-servingChief Justice of the United States, wrote opinion inMarbury v. Madisonestablishing the principle ofjudicial review
12,640
386sqmi
(1,000km)
Mason County
125
Havana
1841
Tazewell and Menard County
Named afterMason County, Kentucky, itself named afterGeorge Mason
14,666
539sqmi
(1,396km)
Massac County
127
Metropolis
1843
Pope and Johnson County
Fort Massac, a colonial-era fort on theOhio River
15,429
239sqmi
(619km)
McDonough County
109
Macomb
1826
Schuyler County
CommodoreThomas Macdonough(1783-1825), commander of American naval forces at theBattle of Plattsburgh
32,612
589sqmi
(1,526km)
McHenry County
111
Woodstock
1836
Cook and LaSalle County
MajorWilliam McHenry(c. 1771-1835), officer in during several campaigns againstNative Americansand member of the Illinois legislature
308,760
604sqmi
(1,564km)
McLean County
113
Bloomington
1830
Tazewell County
John McLean(1791-1830),United States RepresentativeandUnited States Senatorfrom Illinois (the latter from 1824-25 and 1829-30)
169,572
1,184sqmi
(3,067km)
Menard County
129
Petersburg
1839
Sangamon County
Pierre Menard(1766-1844), prominent early settler and firstLieutenant Governor of Illinois
12,705
314sqmi
(813km)
Mercer County
131
Aledo
1825
Schuyler County
Hugh Mercer(1726-77), British officer in theSeven Years' Warand general in theContinental Armyduring theAmerican Revolutionary War
16,434
561sqmi
(1,453km)
Monroe County
133
Waterloo
1816
Randolph County and St. Clair County
James Monroe(1758-1831), seventhUnited States Secretary of State, eighthUnited States Secretary of War,Governor of Virginia, and fifthPresident of the United States
32,957
388sqmi
(1,005km)
Montgomery County
135
Hillsboro
1821
Bond and Madison County
Gen.Richard Montgomery(1738-75), brigadier-general in theContinental Armywho led the unsuccessfulinvasion of Canada
30,104
704sqmi
(1,823km)
Morgan County
137
Jacksonville
1823
Sangamon County
Gen.Daniel Morgan(1736-1802), successful tactician in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand laterUnited States RepresentativefromVirginia
35,547
569sqmi
(1,474km)
Moultrie County
139
Sullivan
1843
Shelby and Macon County
Gen.William Moultrie(1730-1805),American Revolutionary Wargeneral andGovernor of South Carolina
14,846
336sqmi
(870km)
Ogle County
141
Oregon
1836
Jo Daviess
Joseph Ogle(1737-1821), early settler in southwest Illinois, who helped found the firstMethodistchurch in Illinois
53,497
759sqmi
(1,966km)
Peoria County
143
Peoria
1825
Fulton County
ThePeoriaNative American tribe
186,494
620sqmi
(1,606km)
Perry County
145
Pinckneyville
1827
Randolph and Jackson County
CommodoreOliver Hazard Perry(1785-1819), American naval officer who led the victorious American forces at theBattle of Lake Erie
22,350
441sqmi
(1,142km)
Piatt County
147
Monticello
1841
DeWitt and Macon County
John Piatt, the patriarch of a prominent settler family in the early history of the county
16,729
440sqmi
(1,140km)
Pike County
149
Pittsfield
1821
Madison, Bond, and Clark County
Zebulon Pike(1779-1813), early explorer of theAmerican Southwest, namesake ofPikes Peak
16,430
830sqmi
(2,150km)
Pope County
151
Golconda
1816
Gallatin and Johnson County
Nathaniel Pope(1784-1850), early Delegate fromIllinois Territoryto Congress and judge on theUnited States District Court for the District of Illinois
4,470
371sqmi
(961km)
Pulaski County
153
Mound City
1843
Alexander and Johnson County
Gen.Casimir Pulaski(1745-79),Polish Americangeneral of cavalry in theAmerican Revolutionary War
6,161
201sqmi
(521km)
Putnam County
155
Hennepin
1825
Fulton County
Gen.Israel Putnam(1718-90), commander of American forces at theBattle of Bunker Hill
6,006
160sqmi
(414km)
Randolph County
157
Chester
1795
St. Clair County
Edmund Randolph(1753-1813), firstAttorney General of the United States, and brieflyUnited States Secretary of State
33,476
578sqmi
(1,497km)
Richland County
159
Olney
1841
Clay and Lawrence County
Richland County, Ohio, itself named for its richsoil
16,233
360sqmi
(932km)
Rock Island County
161
Rock Island
1831
Jo Daviess County
Rock Island
147,546
427sqmi
(1,106km)
Saline County
165
Harrisburg
1847
Gallatin County
Salt springs within the county
24,913
383sqmi
(992km)
Sangamon County
167
Springfield
1821
Madison and Bond County
Sangamon River
197,465
868sqmi
(2,248km)
Schuyler County
169
Rushville
1825
Pike and Fulton County
Gen.Philip Schuyler(1733-1804),American Revolutionary Wargeneral andUnited States SenatorfromNew York
7,544
437sqmi
(1,132km)
Scott County
171
Winchester
1839
Morgan County
Scott County, Kentucky, itself named afterCharles Scott
5,355
251sqmi
(650km)
Shelby County
173
Shelbyville
1827
Fayette County
Isaac Shelby(1750-1826), soldier in theAmerican Revolutionary WarandWar of 1812, and first and fifthGovernor of Kentucky
22,363
759sqmi
(1,966km)
St. Clair County
163
Belleville
1790
original two counties
Arthur St. Clair(1737-1818), major general in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand first Governor of theNorthwest Territory
270,056
664sqmi
(1,720km)
Stark County
175
Toulon
1839
Knox and Putnam County
Gen.John Stark(1728-1822), general in theAmerican Revolutionary War, called the "Hero ofBennington"
5,994
288sqmi
(746km)
Stephenson County
177
Freeport
1837
Jo Daviess and Winnebago County
Benjamin Stephenson(1769-1822), representative ofIllinois Territoryin theUnited States Congressfrom 1814 to 1816
47,711
564sqmi
(1,461km)
Tazewell County
179
Pekin
1827
Sangamon County
Littleton Waller Tazewell(1774-1860), United States Senator from (and later governor of)Virginia
135,394
649sqmi
(1,681km)
Union County
181
Jonesboro
1818
Johnson County
The federal union of the states
17,808
416sqmi
(1,077km)
Vermilion County
183
Danville
1826
Edgar County
TheVermilion River
81,625
899sqmi
(2,328km)
Wabash County
185
Mount Carmel
1824
Edwards County
TheWabash River
11,947
224sqmi
(580km)
Warren County
187
Monmouth
1825
Schuyler County
Joseph Warren(1741-75), played a role inAmerican Patriotmovements, a prominent early fatality in theAmerican Revolutionary War
17,707
543sqmi
(1,406km)
Washington County
189
Nashville
1818
St. Clair County
George Washington(1732-99), commander-in-chief of American forces in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand firstPresident of the United States
14,716
563sqmi
(1,458km)
Wayne County
191
Fairfield
1819
Edwards County
Gen. "Mad"Anthony Wayne(1745-96),major generalin the United States Army in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand theNorthwest Indian War
16,760
714sqmi
(1,849km)
White County
193
Carmi
1815
Gallatin County
Isaac White(1776-1811), resident of Illinois who enlisted in the Indiana militia and was killed at theBattle of Tippecanoe
14,665
495sqmi
(1,282km)
Whiteside County
195
Morrison
1836
Jo Daviess and Henry County
Samuel Whiteside(1783-1868), state legislator and militia leader
58,498
685sqmi
(1,774km)
Will County
197
Joliet
1836
Cook and Iroquois County
Conrad Will(1779-1835),physician, local businessman and longtime member of the state legislature
677,560
837sqmi
(2,168km)
Williamson County
199
Marion
1839
Franklin County
Hugh Williamson(1735-1819), delegate fromNorth Carolinato thePhiladelphia Convention
66,357
424sqmi
(1,098km)
Winnebago County
201
Rockford
1836
Jo Daviess
WinnebagoNative Americans
295,266
514sqmi
(1,331km)
Woodford County
203
Eureka
1841
Tazewell and McLean County
Gen.William Woodford(1734-80), brigadier general in theAmerican Revolutionary Warwho died while a British prisoner
38,664
528sqmi
(1,368km)

地理环境

地貌

伊利诺州地势平坦,平均海拔182米,自北向南倾斜。西北部较高,有起伏平缓的丘陵。全境最高点海拔378米,为西北角有查尔斯丘。北部和中部的黑土非常肥沃,为世界上最佳耕地之一。地表有厚层冰川沉积,叫做冰碛层。第四纪内,北美洲北部及中部出现大陆冰川。冰川向南推进时,把全州大部分地面蚀平,好似平锅的锅底。冰川融化后消失,把冰内夹带的泥砂石块堆积在地面上,成为冰碛物,似一张圆饼摊在锅底的平面上。冰川避开了州西北角及州境南端两个丘陵区,这一带未遭受大陆冰川的破坏。南部马里恩附近小丘区是大陆冰川南进的限界。南端河岸港开罗以南未受冰川的刨蚀。除上述西北角及南端大丘陵区外,都遭受大陆冰川覆盖数千年到数万年之久。
伊利诺州(伊利诺斯州)

气候

伊利诺州属温带气候,冬季寒冷多雪,夏炎热。冬季平均气温,北部为-6℃,南部为3℃;夏季平均气温分别为21和25℃。年平均降水,北部为800~1200毫米,南部为1200~1600毫米。南部生长期为210天,最北部仅有160天。

自然资源

伊利诺州主要矿产有煤、石油、铅、锌、石灰石和玻璃砂。煤产量居全国第四位,石油居第八位。煤炭主要分布于州的中部和南部,石油分布于南部。其他矿产资源有铅、锌、石灰石和玻璃砂等。

人口民族

伊利诺州人口约1291万,位居全美第5,白人、黑人、拉美裔及亚太裔分别占总人口的71.4%、 14.6%、14.9%和4.3%,约有华侨华人10余万人。

经济概况

农业经济

该州是全国主要的农业州之一。全州80%的土地为农业用地。每个农户平均耕种140公顷(约2100亩)农田。大豆产量居全国首位;玉米产量有时占第一位,有时居第二位;猪肉和牛肉产量亦均名列前茅。

工业经济

伊利诺伊工业主要集中在芝加哥。由于靠近铁矿产地,交通方便,钢铁工业发展迅速,芝加哥已取代钢都匹兹堡成为全国最大的钢铁工业中心。农业机械、建筑机械和金属製品产量居各州之冠;电机产量名列第三;汽车工业也很重要,有55万职工从事机动车辆的製造和装配。食品工业仅次于加利福尼亚州。印刷业和出版业仅次于纽约州,居全国第二位。

服务业

伊州是美国传统製造业中心,也是美国交通运输及物流配送中心。建筑机械、农业器具、通讯设备、生物技术及金融、保险、谘询和批发零售等服务业发达。全州有2300多家商业银行,1000家储蓄银行,2000多家保险机构,并有11200多个金融从业公司。芝加哥商业交易所(集团)是世界最大的期货交易所。

政府财政

二十一世纪初以来,评级机构一直在下调伊利诺州的信用评级,伊利诺州欠下了巨额养老金债务,此外还积欠了150亿美元的未付账单,且在州议员2015年听凭一项上调所得税的临时政策到期终止后,该州的财政收入出现下降。2017年6月,评级机构将该州的评级降至只比“垃圾”级高一级的水平。

社会事业

教育事业

该州大专院校188所,数量居全美第5位,在校生75万人,每百人中就有6.4个大学生。着名的高等学府有芝加哥大学(1891年)、西北大学(1851年)、伊利诺伊大学。
主要大学:西北大学、芝加哥大学、伊利诺大学厄巴纳-香槟分校、伊利诺州立大学、伊利诺大学芝加哥分校、南伊利诺伊大学、伊利诺理工学院、罗耀拉大学、帝波大学、芝加哥艺术学院。

新闻事业

该州共有报纸700多份,其中日报50份,主要有《芝加哥论坛报》和《芝加哥太阳时报》。有50余家电视台,近400家电台。

友好城市

伊州与辽宁省(1982年)和台湾省(1992年)互为友好省州,芝加哥与瀋阳(1985年)和上海(1985年)互为友城。此外,乔利埃特(Joliet)、洛克福特(Rockford)、柏林布鲁克(Bolingbrook)、佩里亚(Peoria)、盖利斯伯格(Galesburg)分别与辽宁省辽阳市、江苏省常州市、河南省许昌市、辽宁省本溪市和安徽省马鞍山市互为友城。

交通运输

伊利诺州被认为是美国的交通中心。芝加哥是世界最大的铁路枢纽,有30条铁路干线及其支线汇集于此。全州有铁路37000公里,居全国第二位。1848年开凿伊利诺伊—密西根运河以后,沟通了东北部的圣劳伦斯水道和西部的密西西比水道,使本州与其他各州之间的水运更加便利。州内有几十个机场,最大的是芝加哥的奥黑尔菲尔德国际机场和米德韦机场。
伊利诺州(伊利诺斯州)
重要机场:芝加哥欧海尔国际机场、芝加哥中途国际机场。
重要高速公路:55号州际公路、57号州际公路、70号州际公路、72号州际公路、74号州际公路、80号州际公路、88号州际公路(西段)、90号州际公路、94号州际公路、290号州际公路、294号州际公路、355号州际公路。

风俗民情

宗教

宗教上,伊利诺州不像其它中西部的州﹙新教徒占有极大比例﹚,而仅有半数的居民是新教徒,罗马天主教的比例则大约为三分之一,多分布在芝加哥都会区周围。整个人口信仰比例为:
51%新教徒﹙Protestant﹚
伊利诺州伊利诺州
33% 罗马天主教徒Roman Catholic
1% 其他基督教派的教徒 Other Christian
3% 其他宗教教徒Other Religions
8% 无信仰者 Non-Religious
伊利诺州前三大新教徒是:浸礼会﹙Baptist:15%﹚、路德会(Lutheran:5%)、卫理公会﹙Methodist:8%﹚。

人文景点

芝加哥美术馆(Art Institute of Chicago)位于伊利诺州芝加哥市,创建于1891年,因荟萃世界各地艺术珍品而负有盛名,它既是世界上最古老的美术展览馆之一,也是当今美国三大美术馆之一。
芝加哥美术馆正门芝加哥美术馆正门
布鲁克菲尔德动物园(Brookfield Zoo)正式名称芝加哥动物园(Chicago Zoological Park)。建于1934年,以其大规模的开放式场地出名。
菲尔德自然史博物馆(The Field Museum of Natural History)最早建立于1893年9月,至今该馆已收集有两千多万种生物及人文标本,每年组织有大量的展览、研究和教育项目,馆内的自然史图书馆藏书达25万册。

着名人物

作家卡尔·山柏格(Carl Sandburg)、作家恩尼斯特·海明威(Ernest Hemingway)、广播电视喜剧演员克·班尼(Jack Benny)、女诗人关朵琳·布鲁克丝(GwendolynBrooks)、南京大屠杀时保护平民的美国传教士明妮·魏特琳、创意动画家/迪士尼乐园创办人华德·迪士尼(Walt Disney)、以及美国第四十任总统隆纳·雷根(Ronald Reagan)。

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